日本海上保安局宣布将运用大型无人机进行海洋监视

Japan Coast Guard Announced to Utilize Large Drones for Maritime Surveillance 

日本海上保安厅长官石井昌平在21日的例行记者会上表示，一架美国通用原子能公司的大型无人机“海上守卫者”（MQ-9B）将从10月19日开始运用。他表示：“（海上守卫者）将以海洋监视业务为中心，也从事海难和灾害的应对工作。”

A large drone “SeaGuardian”(MQ-9B) from an US general atomics company will be in use on October 19th,according to what Ishii Shohei, Chief of Japan Coast Guard(JCG) stated in the regular press conference held on September 21. He said, “It will be mainly used for maritime surveillance mission as well as beach and disaster response.” 

“海上守卫者”将以青森县海上自卫队的航空基地为据点，委托外部进行操控和保养。此外，还会为它配备20名海上保安官，来进行情报分析工作。

“SeaGuardian” will operate from the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force’s Hachinohe Air base in Aomori Prefecture and entrust external personnel for aircraft handling and maintenance. In addition, 20 coast guard officers will be deployed for intelligence analysis. 

半年前，日本就有消息称对美国“海上守卫者”无人机进行了一年多的试用后，最终确定将引进这种大型无人机，用于监视“在钓鱼岛附近活动的中国海警船”。

Half year ago, there was news in Japan claiming that U.S Drone“SeaGuardian” was ensured to be introduced for surveillance on “China Coast Guard vessels patrolling around Diaoyu Islands” after more than a year of trial. 

据介绍，“海上守卫者”全长11.7米、宽24.0米，续航时间最长35小时，可绕日本专属经济区一周后返回，搭载多个摄像头，具有实时传输影像的功能。

According to the introduction,“SeaGuardian” is 11.7 meters long and 24 meters wide,with the flight time up to 35 hours at most. It can fly along Japan Exclusive Economic Zone for one week and return. The drone is equipped with multiple cameras and is able to transmit images in real time. 

日本海上保安厅为增加“海上守卫者”无人机的数量，在2023年度预算中希望政府可以投入86.7亿日元（约合人民币4.2亿元）以及增加10名人手。

In order to increase the quantity of drone“SeaGuardian”, Japan Coast Guard expects the government can invest 8.67 billion yen(approximately 0.42 billion RMB) and add 10 person in 2023 budget. 

Source: 共同社

来源：共同社

应用Meteodrone为无人机运营商提供低空天气展望

Low-level weather outlook for uncrewed aerial vehicle operators using Meteodrone

根据一篇在DroneDJ上发布的文章，瑞士天气服务类公司Meteomatics采用一款专门设计的无人机Meteodrone提供实时大气层数据，同时使天气预报更加可靠。Meteodrone在低空飞行识别不断变化的天气情况。

Swiss weather company Meteomatics is using a “specially conceived Meteodrone” to provide real-time atmospheric data that also generates increasingly reliable forecasting, according to an article published in DroneDJ. Meteodrone aims to identify changing weather conditions at the lower altitude levels in which drones operate, says the report. 

研究、公共或商业无人机业务运营商容易遭受意外性或提前到来的风暴、大雾、低垂的云层、冰或其他不宜居的天气条件，迫使飞行器落地或根本无法起飞。气候方面的通病对于超视距远距飞行甚至造成了更大的威胁，但是超视距远距飞行对于无人机活动在全球范围内的发展是一大要素。

“Operators of research, public, or commercial drone missions are currently vulnerable to the arrival of unexpected or premature storms, fog, low-hanging clouds, ice, or other inhospitable weather conditionsthat can force craft to the ground – or prevent them from taking off at all. The climactic wildcard looms as an even larger risk in longer distance beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) flights that will be required for UAV activities to scale around the globe.” 

该系统的运作方式是用以计量监测和预测数据收集的卫星、气球、飞机和其他飞行器所无法做到的。

“The system works in ways that satellites, balloons, planes, and other craft used for gathering data for metrological monitoring and forecasting can’t. 

该系统将Meteodrone飞入最低大气层的天气系统--高达6千米--接着使用传感器和视频提供局部天气情况，包括温度、湿度、气压、风速和风向。这些信息会直接反馈到一个地面站，该地面站的计算机会生成一个对于当下天气情况的高分辨率模型以及精准的超本地预报。

“It flies the Meteodrone into weather systems at the lowest atmospheric levels– up to 6 kilometres high – and uses sensors and video to provide localized conditions, including temperature, humidity, air pressure, and wind speed and direction. That information is fed directly to a ground station whose computer generates a high-resolution model of the current situation as well as accurate hyper-local forecasts. 

“Meteomatics设计了2种型号的Meteodrone模型以应对飞行器试图警告运营商当下恶劣天气类型的状况。该无人机有加热螺旋桨以防止结冰，还有强大的引擎抵抗大风和湍流，以及降落伞以防止无人机掉落。”

“Meteomatics designed its two models of the Meteodrone to handle the kind of heavy weatherthe crafts’ reports seek to warn other operators about. The UAVs feature heated propellers to prevent icing, robust engines to overcome high winds and turbulence, and a parachute in case conditions bring it down. 

尽管天气预报大体上已经足够可靠了，我们希望开发Meteodrone填补边缘大气层的信息空缺，特别是离地两千米的空间，在无人机运行的区域以及天气变幻莫测且快速的区域。Meteodrone在该海拔内飞行，并在飞行期间收集天气数据以提高天气预报的准确性，并作为一个移动、大范围补充性陆基气象站。

“Though weather forecasting has become quite dependable generally, the Meteodrone was developed to fill the information gap remaining in the so-called boundary atmospheric layer – especially the zone two kilometers above the ground where drones operate, and where weather can change unexpectedly and quickly. The Meteodrone is designed to fly within this altitude and collect weather data during to improve weather forecasts, and act as a mobile, wider-ranging, and-you-are-there addition to fixed land-based meteorological stations. 

根据超视距豁免，Meteodrones在瑞士十几个永久性气象站运行，并在俄克拉荷马州完成了测试。该系统预计会在未来几个月引入美国，现在正等待美国联邦航空局的批准。

“Meteodrones are operated in over a dozen permanent weather stations in Switzerland under BVLOS waivers, and have been tested in Oklahoma. The system is expected to be introduced in the US in coming months pending Federal Aviation Administration approval. 

Source:Unmanned Airspace

来源：Unmanned Airspace